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Cashelnavean Bog NHA consists primarily of upland blanket bog and is located in Barnesmore Gap, 8 km south-west of Ballybofey in Co. Donegal. It is situated mostly in the townlands of Cashelnavean and Croaghonagh. The site forms part of the catchment area for the Sruhanderg River that drains into Lough Mourne, east of the site. The lower part of this river divides the bog into northern and southern halves. A second smaller stream drains the northern portion of the bog into Lough Sallagh. Coniferous forestry plantations form most of the boundary on the northern, western and southern parts of the site. The road to Ballybofey forms the boundary along much of the eastern side. Bedrock geology is metamorphic sandstone and the altitude of the site ranges from 180 m to 252 m.
The site consists mainly of upland blanket bog with areas of wet heath, re-vegetated cutover, an infilling lake and wet quaking areas. The heath vegetation is mostly confined to the higher ridge that runs in a north-east/south-west direction along the centre of the site. Flat plateau areas hold deep blanket peat with pool systems while the lower lying area along the western boundary holds quaking areas and an infilling lake.
Characteristic species on the wet plateau areas include White Beak-sedge (Rhynchospora alba), Common Cottongrass (Eriophorum angustifolium), Cross-leaved Heath (Erica tetralix), Purple Moor-grass (Molinia caerulea), Bog Asphodel (Narthecium ossifragum), Star Sedge (Carex echinata) and Deergrass (Scirpus caespitosus). The presence of bog mosses accounts for approximately 40 % of ground cover, consisting mainly of Sphagnum cuspidatum, S. auriculatum and S. papillosum, with S. capillifolium forming hummocks around the pools. Also common are the Round-leaved Sundew (Drosera rotundifolia), Great Sundew (D. anglica) and cushions of lichen, Cladonia portentosa. Deeper pools contain Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), Bog-sedge (Carex limosa) and Lesser Bladderwort (Utricularia minor).
Occasional isolated hummocks stand up to 1.5 m high, carrying species such as Ling Heather (Calluna vulgaris), Bell Heather (Erica cinerea), Purple Moor-grass, Tormentil (Potentilla erecta), Heath Bedstraw (Galium saxatile), Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and mats of Crowberry (Empetrum nigrum). Cushions of the mosses Racomitrium lanuginosum, Hylocomium splendens, and Rhytidiadelphus loreus also occur. The presence of the locally occurring species, Juniper (Juniperus communis), in this vegetation, is of significant interest.
Drier land at the higher, rockier altitudes has shallower peat with a vegetation more characteristic of heathland, being dominated by Ling Heather, Bell Heather, Heath Rush (Juncus squarrosus), and Purple Moor-grass. The cutover slopes along the main road are wet and are dominated by Bog Myrtle (Myrica gale). Bog mosses are also present (approximately 35 % of ground cover), consisting mainly of Sphagnum cuspidatum, S. subnitens and S. papillosum. In the wetter, low-lying areas along the streams and infilling lake, sedges occur, such as Bottle Sedge (Carex rostrata) and Bog-sedge (Carex limosa), with Common Reed (Phragmites australis), Bog Pondweed (Potomogeton polygonifolius) and Black Bog-rush (Schoenus nigricans).
Red Grouse, an Irish Red Data Book species occurs on the site. Fox and Snipe also occur.
The site is potentially threatened by the possible expansion of coniferous plantation forestry. A degree of disturbance has also resulted from sheep grazing, both along the eastern slopes and the wetter, western boundary, with bare patches of peat and low peat hags resulting. Both activities can cause drying of the peat and loss of characteristic bog flora.
Cashelnavean Bog NHA is a site of considerable conservation significance. It contains a good example of upland blanket bog. The site is reasonably diverse in terms of species and communities due to local variation rather than large scale diversity. Blanket bog habitat is a globally scarce resource. It is largely confined to coastal regions at temperate latitudes with cool, wet, oceanic climates. North-west Europe contains some of the best-developed areas of blanket bog in the world. The most extensive areas are found in Ireland and Britain. Upland blanket bogs, due to their exposure to severe climatic conditions at high elevations, are particularly vulnerable to erosion by human activities and extensive areas are currently undergoing active erosion due mainly to overgrazing. The current area of intact upland blanket bog in Ireland represents only a fraction of the original resource, due to the combined impacts of afforestation and overgrazing, and intact examples are therefore extremely valuable for nature conservation. Their long-term survival requires sensitive management.
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Title
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Cashelnavean Bog Natural Heritage Area
Subject
The topic of the resource
Lough Derg--Region--Cashelnavean Bog--Heritage Area
Description
An account of the resource
A description of the Cashelnavean Bog Natural Heritage Area (NHA)
Creator
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National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland
Source
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Site Synopsis, Cashelnavean Bog Natural Heritage Area (NHA) entry
Publisher
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National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland
Date
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27 January 2004
Format
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Natural Heritage Area (NHA) entry
Language
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English
Type
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Identifier
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DD_0449
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
54.7511, -7.92523
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CC BY 4.0 International License
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Site code: 000122
Bell Heather (Erica cinerea)
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
biodiversity
Black Bog-rush (Schoenus nigricans)
blanket bog
Bog Asphodel (Narthecium ossifragum)
Bog Myrtle (Myrica gale)
Bog Pondweed (Potamogeton polygonifolius)
Bog Sedge (Carex limosa)
Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata)
bogland
Bottle Sedge (Carex rostrata)
Common Cottongrass (Eriophorum angustifolium)
Common Reed (Phragmites australis)
conifer plantations
Cross-leaved Heath (Erica tetralix)
Crowberry (Empetrum nigrum)
Deergrass (Scirpus caespitosus)
dryness
Great Sundew (D. anglica)
Heath Bedstraw (Galium saxatile)
Heath Rush (Juncus squarrosus)
Juniper (Juniperus communis)
Lesser Bladderwort (Utricularia minor)
Ling Heather (Calluna vulgaris)
Purple Moor-grass
Purple Moor-grass (Molinia caerulea)
Round-leaved Sundew (Drosera rotundifolia)
sphagnum moss
Star Sedge (Carex echinata)
Tormentil (Potentilla erecta)
vicinity
White Beak-sedge (Rhynchospora alba)
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Tamur Bog runs along the border with Northern Ireland and is located on the southern side of the main Pettigo/Laghy road in Co. Donegal, about mid-way between these two locations. The topography is predominantly undulating, over a bedrock of acid gneiss with some basic intrusions. This site consists of separate blocks mainly of blanket bog, wet heath and oligotrophic lakes.
The site is a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) selected for the following habitats and/or species listed on Annex I / II of the E.U. Habitats Directive (* = priority; numbers in brackets are Natura 2000 codes):
[4010] Wet Heath
[7130] Blanket Bogs (Active)*
[7150] Rhynchosporion Vegetation
Within the areas of blanket bog at this site good micro-topographical variation, as well as variation in the vegetation, is seen, brought about by the occurrence of wet, quaking areas, lawns, inter-connecting pools and flushes. Overall the blanket bog is dominated by Purple Moor-grass (Molinia caerulea), with Deergrass (Scirpus cespitosus), Heather (Calluna vulgaris) and Hare’s-tail Cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum) all being common also. There are low, broad hummocks, often occluded by the herb layer, mostly consisting of the bog moss Sphagnum capillifolium, along with S. tenellum and lichens. Black Bog-rush (Schoenus nigricans) is present in flushes.
Well developed pool and hummock systems occur around parts of Lough Vearty, at the south of the site and along the border, east of Lough Awaddy. Quaking lawns are a feature of these areas, and Rhynchosporion vegetation is very well represented in these wet areas. Species noted in the lawns include the bog moss Sphagnum pulchrum and sundews (Drosera spp.), and in the pools the bog mosses S. cuspidatum and S. auriculatum, Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), Lesser Bladderwort (Utricularia minor) and Bog-sedge (Carex limosa) are found. White Beak-sedge (Rhynchospora alba) also occurs on the lawns and in pools. Hummocks consisting mainly of the moss Racomitrium lanuginosum with Heather and small amounts of Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos) are present, though some hummocks with the mosses Sphagnum fuscum and S. imbricatum occur also. Several rare lichen species occur in these wet areas, mainly associated with the hummocks.
At the south of the site is a rare bog type which is intermediate in several respects between blanket and raised bog. Species found in the wet areas are similar to those described above. The islands formed in the pools support small Downy Birch (Betula pubescens) trees, Soft Rush (Juncus effusus), Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and Broad Buckler-fern (Dryopteris dilatata).
Wet heath areas are found associated with sloping ground and in areas higher than the blanket bog. The vegetation, especially where the habitat occurs at the south of the site, is dominated by Cross-leaved Heath (Erica tetralix), Purple Moor-grass, Deergrass, Heather and cottongrasses, with scattered Sphagnum capillifolium. Hummocks are small and composed of Racomitrium lanuginosum with lichens. At the north of the site, in the vicinity of Tamur Hill, the ground is steeper and drier and the vegetation is dominated by Bilberry, Heather and Gorse (Ulex europaeus). Several streams and oligotrophic lakes occur within the site. Vegetation seen in the lakes includes Bottle Sedge (Carex rostrata), Water Horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile), Yellow Water-lily (Nuphar lutea), Common Club-rush (Scirpus lacustris), Perfoliate Pondweed (Potamogeton perfoliatus) and Common Reed (Phragmites australis). There are also quaking areas at the edges of some of the smaller lakes and these support the bog mosses Sphagnum recurvum, S. palustre, S. capillifolium, S. magellanicum and S. papillosum, the moss Aulacomnium palustre, with Bogbean and Marsh Cinquefoil (Potentilla palustris). On the rocky shores of the larger lakes, species seen include Water Lobelia (Lobelia dortmanna), Shoreweed (Littorella uniflora) and Marsh Pennywort (Hydrocotyle vulgaris).
Species present along the streams and at some lake edges include False Oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), Marsh Thistle (Cirsium palustre), Wild Angelica (Angelica sylvestris), Soft Rush, Common Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) and Heather. Several tree and shrub species, such as Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), willow (Salix spp.), Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia), Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum) and the invasive alien species Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum) also occur.
Other habitats found within the site include fens, flushes and freshwater marshes.
Golden Plover, Hen Harrier and Merlin, bird species which are often associated with bog habitats and which are listed in Annex I of the E.U. Birds Directive, breed in small numbers on the site. Greenland White-fronted Goose, also listed in Annex I of
the Birds Directive, use the bog for feeding in winter. Red Grouse occur on the site.
The Otter, listed under Annex II of the E.U. Habitats Directive, occurs within the site.
Much suitable habitat for this species is present. The Irish Hare, Badger, Common Lizard and Common Frog are also present. The Irish Hare and Badger are listed under the Bern Convention, are all of these species are legally protected under the Wildlife Act, 1976, and are also Red Data Book species. Land use at the site consists of grazing, by both cattle and sheep, with some areas to
the north of the site and east of Belalt being over-grazed. Eutrophication of some of the smaller lakes is evident. Peat cutting around the site is intensive and commercial peat cutting has been extended onto the site. Drainage is associated with this. Much of the area around the site has been afforested and many owners within the site have applied for forestry grants. The Ballintra/Pettigo road cuts through the site.
This site is of scientific interest as it represents a very good example of lowland blanket bog which is mostly intact. Other associated habitats, especially wet heath and Rhynchosporion vegetation, add to the interest of the site. The site also supports some important bird species.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Tamur Bog Special Area of Conservation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Lough Derg--Region--Tamur Bog--Nature Reserve
Description
An account of the resource
The watershed, geology and wildlife of the Tamur Bog Special Area of Conservation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Site Synopsis, Tamur Bog Special Area of Conservation (SAC) entry
Publisher
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National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland
Date
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27 November 2013
Format
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Special Area of Conservation (SAC) entry
Language
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English
Type
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Identifier
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DD_0334
Coverage
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54.5554, -7.96767
Rights
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CC BY 4.0 International License
References
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Site Code: 001992
Ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
Badger (Meles meles)
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
biodiversity
Black Bog-rush (Schoenus nigricans)
blanket bog
Bog moss (Sphagnum spp.)
Bog Sedge (Carex limosa)
Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata)
bogland
Bottle Sedge (Carex rostrata)
Broad Buckler-fern (Dryopteris dilatata).
cattle
Common Club-rush (Scirpus lacustris)
Common Frog
Common Lizard
Common Reed (Phragmites australis)
Common Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)
Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos)
Cross-leaved Heath (Erica tetralix)
Deergrass (Scirpus cespitosus)
Downy Birch (Betula pubescens)
dryness
False Oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius)
Greenland White-fronted Goose
Hare’s-tail Cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum)
Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna)
Heather (Calluna vulgaris)
Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum)
Irish Hare
Lesser Bladderwort (Utricularia minor)
Marsh Pennywort (Hydrocotyle vulgaris).
Marsh Thistle (Cirsium palustre)
Otter
Perfoliate Pondweed (Potamogeton perfoliatus)
Purple Moor-grass (Molinia caerulea)
Rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum)
Rhyncehosporion Vegetation
Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia)
Shoreweed (Littorella uniflora)
Soft Rush
Soft Rush (Juncus effusus)
sphagnum moss
Tamur bog
vicinity
Water Horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile)
Water Lobelia (Lobelia dortmanna)
White Beak-sedge (Rhynchospora alba)
Wild Angelica (Angelica sylvestris)
Willow (Salix spp.)
Yellow Water-lily (Nuphar lutea)
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Croaghonagh Bog is a small but quite intact blanket bog which occurs on the south-west shore of Lough Mourne, 17 km north-east of Donegal town. The site is underlain by metamorphosed sandstone and includes a good diversity of habitats including active bog, wet heath, lakeshore, streams and ditches, and some old cut-away bog.
The site is a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) selected for the following habitats and/or species listed on Annex I / II of the E.U. Habitats Directive (* = priority; numbers in brackets are Natura 2000 codes):
[7130] Blanket Bogs (Active)*
Croaghonagh Bog displays some features of a raised bog and consists of a large, broad dome divided into two parts by dry, narrow channels, some of which contain swallow-holes. There is also a small lake in the middle of the site. The bog surface is spongy or quaking in localised areas, and contains a variety of features including widespread hummock/hollow communities and some large bog pools. There is an extensive cover of bog mosses (Sphagnum spp.), including several species of note such as S. fuscum, S. imbricatum and S. magellanicum. Other species recorded here include Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), Great Sundew (Drosera anglica), Lesser Bladderwort (Utricularia minor) and Common Butterwort (Pinguicula vulgaris). Hummock vegetation includes Heather (Calluna vulgaris), Cross-leaved Heath (Erica tetralix), Hare’s-tail Cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum) and Cladonia lichens.
Bird species recorded from the site include Greenland White-fronted Goose and Merlin, both of which are listed on Annex I of the E.U. Birds Directive, along with Red Grouse, Curlew and Kestrel. Deer, Otter and Hare also occur on the site.
The margins of the bog have been affected by turbary, particularly at the south and south-eastern sides, and there are indications that its surface is drying out in places. The hydrology of the bog may also be affected by water abstraction from Lough Mourne which is used as a reservoir for Donegal town.
Due to extensive afforestation, many bogs have been drained in this region and Croaghonagh Bog is one of only a handful of intact blanket bogs remaining in east Donegal. Apart from being an excellent example of this Annex I habitat type, the value of this site is increased by the range of wildlife species it supports, in particular the Annex I birds Greenland White-fronted Goose and Merlin.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Biodiversity database
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Croaghonagh Bog Special Area of Conservation
Subject
The topic of the resource
Lough Derg--Region--Croaghonagh Bog--Nature Reserve
Description
An account of the resource
The watershed, geology and wildlife of the Croaghonagh Bog Special Area of Conservation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Site Synopsis, Croaghonagh Bog Special Area of Conservation (SAC) entry
Publisher
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National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
24 July 2013
Format
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Special Area of Conservation (SAC) entry
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Biodiversity database
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DD_0333
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
54.7399, -7.91178
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
CC BY 4.0 International License
References
A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.
Site Code: 000129
biodiversity
blanket bog
Bog moss (Sphagnum spp.)
Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata)
bogland
Common Butterwort (Pinguicula vulgaris)
Croaghonagh Bog
Cross-leaved Heath (Erica tetralix)
Curlew
Deer
Donegal Town
dryness
Great Sundew (Drosera anglica)
Greenland White-fronted Goose
Hare
Hare’s-tail Cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum)
Heather (Calluna vulgaris)
Kestrel.
Lesser Bladderwort (Utricularia minor)
Merlin
Otter
Red Grouse
sphagnum moss
vicinity